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The Manufacture of Aviation Gasoline in Germany
U.S. Naval Technical Mission in Europe
Technical Report No. 145-5
July 1945
Prepared by:
M.E. Spaght, technician
It has to be repeated again - U.S. Reports are far more objective than most British reports. Their opinion, saying it frank, is at least of high degree of scepticism, whilst the US reports ventilate more the real state of affairs.
However, this report is a full U.S. affair.
I would like to inform you, that for practical reasons I copied only the, in my perception, interesting report pages. Therefore the content of this document copy is only pointing at some ‘highlights’.
This report records information obtained by technical investigators on the quantity, quality, composition, and manufacture of German aviation gasoline during the past war years.
It was well known that Germany has always depend largely on synthetic operations for her liquid fuel supply. As the air force of that nation grew and developed, and its fuel requirements increased both in quantity, it was correctly concluded that synthetic oil plants had kept pace with the aircraft development and continued to be the main source of fuel supply.
The ever increasing quality of aviation gasoline used by the Allies was paralleled by that of the German supply. The many new processess applied in America for manufacturing high quality gasolines were well understood by the Germans. They obtained information through Allied technical publications, through analysis of gasoline from captured planes, and otherwise. At the same time, German research in great force was supplying new processess, many the same as those being developed by the Allies, to their own operations. Toward the end of the war the quality of fuel being used by the German fighter planes was quite similar to that being used by the Allies.
In the entering Germany to study their manufacture of aviation gasoline, it was to be expected therefore that many processess and development would be found that there the same as those in use in America, Also, from examination of the gasoline in captured enemy planes, it was believed that no radically new compounds were being synthesized by the enemy. It could be anticipated, however, that the new manufacturing techniques and technology might be found, that new designs in engineering might be found, that new or better catalysts might be in use in the various synthetic processess.
The German aviation gasoline volume came very largely from the synthetic oil plants that hydrogenated coals and coal tars. A very small volume only came from petroleum, while essentially none came from the Fischer-Tropsch plants, Some components in small volume came from various chemical plants.
Parallel to the situation in the United States, great efforts were put forth continually in germany to increase the supply of aviation gasoline. Much of the new construction was never completed due to firstly to Allied bombing and then to termination of war.
Keywords: According table on document pages 4 and 5 the total German aviation gasoline production was 56,100 barrels a day (1943).
The volume figures given in Table I represent the highest production level in 1943 before bomb damage interfered greatly with production ..... (It is interesting to note that at the same time the aviation production reached the figure of 56,000 barrels per day, the total German motor gasoline production was 55,000 barrels per day.
Keywords (continuing): b-4 or blue grade and the other the C-3 or green grade. Both grades ... the octane number was 89 by a measurement corresponding to the C.F.R. motor method. ... ; RLM Specifications for B-$ and C-3 Gasoline ... ; Engine testing .. ; Safety Aviation Fuels
A note should be made regarding the development of safety aviation fuels. The germans were quite aware of the desirebility of safety fuels. Tests had been made with 390 to 660 degrees fahrenheit fractions of coal and coal tar hydrogenation products, but no full scale use of such materials was being made.
Specifications and Suppy of Jet fuels.
The requirements for jet fuels in Germany were increasing rapidly at the end of the war. The 1944 consumption was 650 barrels per day, and it was planned to increase that figure to 3,250 barrels per day in 1945. While that consumption apparently never was reached, the demands had become appreciable in terms of german available supply of liquid fuels.
Synthesis of Isoparaffins
Keywords to be continued: Isoparaffins were synthesized commercially in Germany bt two processess ...;
Isobutylene Polymerization and Polymer Hydrogenation ...
This process for isooctane manufacture was employed at Leuna Ludwighafen-Oppau, and Heydreck.
Alkylation
Although, research and development work on alkylation was started in germany prior to 1940, commercial production of alkylate dod not begin until 1943. Prior to that time, Leuna, Pölitz and Scholven had been producing isobutylene ...
Yield and product Composition Data - Ruhrchemie Catalytic Cracking ...
Conclusions .......
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